// SPACE.COM — SPAZIO & SCIENZA
Want to start stargazing? Here's why June is the perfect time for newcomers
Short nights and bright stars make the midsummer night sky surprisingly beginner-friendly.
When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works.
Each November in the Northern Hemisphere, the astronomy world cranks up a gear. As Orion's Belt and the bright stars of winter appear in the east just after an early sunset, telescopes are added to Christmas lists. True darkness has arrived — long winter nights when stargazing sessions can go on for many hours. The blanket of stars has arrived.
I used to think beginners should start stargazing in winter. That's what astronomy books always imply: crisp, dark skies and brilliant stars, with the constellation Orion and its spectacular nebula dominating the heavens. My own book, A Stargazing Program for Beginners, outlines a month-by-month program to reveal all the night sky's biggest and most beautiful secrets in just one year — starting in January. Technically, it's all true. Winter skies are spectacular. But they're also cold enough to make most normal people give up after 15 minutes.
June is different. June is when the sky becomes readable. The nights are shorter, yes, and in the northern U.S., Canada and much of Europe, true darkness arrives very late near this weekend's solstice. But that softness is exactly what makes it approachable. You don't step into a black void filled with unfamiliar stars, shivering as you do so. You ease into it through lingering twilight, warm air, and a handful of large, obvious patterns that repeat night after night. Stargazing becomes a slow, easy, unrushed affair — and there's so much to see.
Just as winter brings many hours of darkness that are hard to make use of — because of cold and clouds — summer brings the opposite problem. In June, you can stand outside in shirtsleeves, but only late at night. For example, in New York — at about 41 degrees north — sunset on the solstice is at 8:33 p.m. EDT, with astronomical night (defined as when the sun is 18 degrees below the horizon) between about 10 p.m. and 3:30 a.m. EDT. At 51 degrees north (much of Canada and the U.K.), astronomical night starts after midnight.
Wherever you are in the Northern Hemisphere, you can stargaze during the long twilight that begins about 45 minutes after sunset. With calmer weather compared to winter's haze and endless cloud systems, a clear sky is more likely — and so are camping trips under a dark sky.
There's another beginner advantage in summer that few mention: the learning curve is shorter. Summer constellations and asterisms rely more on large geometric patterns. You're not trying to memorize dozens of tiny stars, but instead you're learning shapes.
Step outside around 10:30 or 11 p.m., depending on your latitude and face north to find the Big Dipper — the large spoon-shaped pattern high in the sky. Then use the curve of its handle. Follow the arc outward, and you'll arrive at a bright orange star low in the western half of the sky: Arcturus, in the constellation Boötes. Arcturus comes from the ancient Greek word Arktouros, meaning "guardian of the bear." It's an ancient star-hop, but now we know the science: Arcturus is a red giant star and the fourth-brightest star in the night sky. It's about 37 light-years away from the solar system and, at seven billion years old, it's older than the sun.
Even if you only find Arcturus, you've already learned a genuine navigation technique astronomers (and mariners) have used for generations. But there's more. Continue the same curve farther south, and you'll eventually reach Spica, a bluish star in the constellation Virgo. Its name means "ear of corn" because of its seasonal connection to agriculture and harvests. About 250 light-years distant, it's actually two massive young stars (12 million years old) orbiting each other.